Sitagliptin hydrochloride
CAS No.
862156-92-1
Reference product
Januvia/Merck&Co.
Polymorphic form
Polymorphic form III
Therapeutic Area
Alimentary tract & metabolism
Status
commercial
EU DMF readiness
✓
US DMF readiness
✓
Drug description:
Sitagliptin phosphate/hydrochloride is an compound belongs to the beta amino acid derivative acts as anti-diabetic agent.
Sitagliptin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is used in combination treatment with all oral medications for type 2 diabetes and insulin products.
It is formulated as film coated tablets for oral route of administration.
Mechanism of Action:
Sitagliptin is a highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor exert its actions in patients with type 2 diabetes by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones, thereby increasing the concentration and prolonging the action of these hormones. Incretin hormones, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are released by the intestine throughout the day, and levels are increased in response to a meal. These hormones are rapidly inactivated by the enzyme, DPP-4. The incretins are part of an endogenous system involved in the physiologic regulation of glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose concentrations are normal or elevated, GLP-1 and GIP increase insulin synthesis and release from pancreatic beta cells by intracellular signaling pathways involving cyclic AMP. GLP-1 also lowers glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, leading to reduced hepatic glucose production. By increasing and prolonging active incretin levels, sitagliptin increases insulin release and decreases glucagon levels in the circulation in a glucose-dependent manner.
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